S&T

Measuring the total surface energy of a solid provides valuable information about the overall reactivity of the material. Cohesion and adhesion are properties proportional to surface energy.

Evaluating the cohesive forces at work within a powder sample provides insight into its flowability and potential for agglomeration. In addition, assessing the adhesive forces within powder blends allows for the quantification of mixing performance and offers an indicator of content uniformity.

The processability of fibers and fibrous materials depends heavily on inter-fiber cohesion and friction. Since friction and cohesion between fibers cause material degradation and increase heat buildup, the use of fiber finishes and coatings has become increasingly common.

Understanding inter-fiber forces is a critical factor in the development of new materials as well as in fiber processing, reuse, and recycling.

Fillers and Composites

Historically, fillers were used to reduce the cost of finished products, but more recently they have been employed to impart new properties to materials and create composites.

When manufacturing these types of materials, it is essential to understand the compatibility between each component. Inverse Gas Chromatography (IGC) is a valuable tool for this purpose.

It enables rapid measurement of the surface energy of solid materials and characterization of their surface energetic properties. iGC-SEA determines the surface free energy of solids through the sorption of organic vapors with known characteristics.

Application Note 226: Surface Energy Heterogeneity Profiles by iGC Surface Energy. [Request a copy]

Pharmaceuticals

Surface energy is a highly important parameter in the characterization of pharmaceutical compounds. It provides a clear picture of the energetic state at the surface and shows close correlation with a wide range of macroscopic properties.

Inverse Gas Chromatography (IGC) is an ideal technique for surface characterization. iGC-SEA enables rapid and accurate measurement of surface energy, including the dispersive component and interactions with polar probes.

Application Note 202: Determination of the Dispersive Surface Energy of Paracetamol by Pulse Inverse Gas Chromatography at Infinite Dilution. [Request a copy]

Fibers

Characterizing the surface properties of various fibers is a critical aspect of research and development in the fiber industry.

The most common fiber materials include carbon fibers and glass fibers. Glass fibers, for example, are well known as industrial products used in soundproofing and thermal insulation materials. Another major application is as reinforcement material in composites.

In these applications, fibers have a small surface area, which limits the use of conventional sorption techniques. However, iGC-SEA provides the sensitivity required to study surface sorption and other physicochemical properties.

Application Note 216: Characterisation of Surface Properties of Glass Fibres by Inverse Gas Chromatography. [Request a copy]

Minerals and Composites

The surface energy of minerals can provide highly valuable information in the fields of geology and mining.

This is because specific mineral separation methods — such as flotation — depend on the surface energy of the raw material. Surface energy is also used to evaluate the interactions between mineral aggregates and binders in composite materials such as road asphalt.

The quality of road asphalt depends heavily on the affinity between aggregates and the bitumen binder, and this affinity is directly related to the surface energy properties of each component. Using our Dynamic Vapor Sorption (DVS) instruments, the surface energy of minerals such as those used in asphalt can be measured accurately and reliably.

Application Note 43: Determination of Surface Energetics of Mineral Aggregates by Dynamic Vapor Sorption. [Request a copy]

Measuring the total surface energy of a solid provides valuable information about the overall reactivity of the material. Cohesion and adhesion are properties proportional to surface energy. Evaluating the cohesive forces at work within a powder sample provides insight into its flowability and potential for agglomeration. In addition, assessing the adhesive forces within powder blends allows for the quantification of mixing performance and offers an indicator of content uniformity.

The processability of fibers and fibrous materials depends heavily on inter-fiber cohesion and friction. Since friction and cohesion between fibers cause material degradation and increase heat buildup, the use of fiber finishes and coatings has become increasingly common. Understanding inter-fiber forces is a critical factor in the development of new materials as well as in fiber processing, reuse, and recycling.

Fillers and Composites

Historically, fillers were used to reduce the cost of finished products, but more recently they have been employed to impart new properties to materials and create composites. When manufacturing these types of materials, it is essential to understand the compatibility between each component. Inverse Gas Chromatography (IGC) is a valuable tool for this purpose.

It enables rapid measurement of the surface energy of solid materials and characterization of their surface energetic properties. iGC-SEA determines the surface free energy of solids through the sorption of organic vapors with known characteristics.

Application Note 226: Surface Energy Heterogeneity Profiles by iGC Surface Energy. [Request a copy]

Pharmaceuticals

Surface energy is a highly important parameter in the characterization of pharmaceutical compounds. It provides a clear picture of the energetic state at the surface and shows close correlation with a wide range of macroscopic properties. Inverse Gas Chromatography (IGC) is an ideal technique for surface characterization. iGC-SEA enables rapid and accurate measurement of surface energy, including the dispersive component and interactions with polar probes.

Application Note 202: Determination of the Dispersive Surface Energy of Paracetamol by Pulse Inverse Gas Chromatography at Infinite Dilution. [Request a copy]

Fibers

Characterizing the surface properties of various fibers is a critical aspect of research and development in the fiber industry. The most common fiber materials include carbon fibers and glass fibers. Glass fibers, for example, are well known as industrial products used in soundproofing and thermal insulation materials. Another major application is as reinforcement material in composites.

In these applications, fibers have a small surface area, which limits the use of conventional sorption techniques. However, iGC-SEA provides the sensitivity required to study surface sorption and other physicochemical properties.

Application Note 216: Characterisation of Surface Properties of Glass Fibres by Inverse Gas Chromatography. [Request a copy]

Minerals and Composites

The surface energy of minerals can provide highly valuable information in the fields of geology and mining. This is because specific mineral separation methods — such as flotation — depend on the surface energy of the raw material. Surface energy is also used to evaluate the interactions between mineral aggregates and binders in composite materials such as road asphalt.

The quality of road asphalt depends heavily on the affinity between aggregates and the bitumen binder, and this affinity is directly related to the surface energy properties of each component. Using our Dynamic Vapor Sorption (DVS) instruments, the surface energy of minerals such as those used in asphalt can be measured accurately and reliably.

Application Note 43: Determination of Surface Energetics of Mineral Aggregates by Dynamic Vapor Sorption. [Request a copy]